California Car Accident Liability & Insurance Laws

California operates under a fault-based tort system for motor vehicle crashes, applying a pure comparative negligence rule for damages.

1. Pure Comparative Fault Rule

California applies a pure comparative negligence standard. If you are injured in an accident, your financial recovery is reduced by your percentage of fault. For example, if you are awarded $100,000 in damages but are found to be 30% responsible for the collision, you will receive $70,000. Under this pure standard, you can still recover damages even if you were 99% responsible for the accident.

2. Low Minimum Auto Insurance Limits

California has exceptionally low minimum liability insurance limits, known as 15/30/5:

  • $15,000 for bodily injury per person.
  • $30,000 for bodily injury per accident.
  • $5,000 for property damage.
Because these limits are low, many accident victims must rely on Uninsured/Underinsured Motorist (UM/UIM) coverage to pay for medical bills after major accidents.

3. Statute of Limitations

In California, the statute of limitations to file a personal injury lawsuit following a car accident is **two (2) years** from the date of the crash. Property damage claims must be filed within three (3) years.